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Viewing articles tagged 'htaccess'

403 Forbidden The server refused to serve the request.WHAT IT MEANSAccess denied. Either permissions, a rule,... 404 Not Found The requested page does not exist.WHAT IT MEANSThe server could not find that address.IF IT IS... 500 Internal Server Error The server encountered something it could not handle.WHAT IT MEANSA general failure. The specific... Adding a Second Domain to an Existing Site Serving one site at two names.THE SITUATIONA rebrand, a defensive registration, or a regional... Backing Up a WordPress Site Completely Everything a WordPress site needs.WHAT MUST BE INCLUDEDThe database, which holds posts, pages,... Blocking Bad Traffic at the Application Level Reducing load from requests you do not want.IDENTIFYING ITThe access log. Extracting and counting... Blocking Brute-Force Attacks on wp-login.php Automated bots hammer /wp-login.php and /xmlrpc.php on every WordPress site on the internet. Even... Blocking Execution in Upload Directories A single measure that prevents a class of attack.THE ATTACKAn attacker finds a way to upload a... Browser Caching Storing files on the visitor's device.WHAT IT DOESTells the visitor's browser to keep files it... Changing the Document Root of a Domain The document root is the folder a domain serves files from. Changing it is useful when a... Choosing Between a Subdomain and a Subdirectory A decision with consequences.THE OPTIONSyourdomain.com/blog blog.yourdomain.comWHAT SEARCH... Choosing Between www and Non-www Both should work; one should be canonical.WHY IT MATTERSSearch engines may treat them as two... Choosing the Right Permalink Structure Permalinks are the URL format for your content. Set this once, early — changing it later breaks... Common FTP Problems When the connection fails.CANNOT CONNECT AT ALLCheck the address, username and password Check the... Controlling Bot and Crawler Traffic Reducing unwanted requests.WHAT YOU WANTSearch engine crawlers, at a reasonable rate.WHAT YOU DO... Controlling Directory Listings with Index Manager If a folder has no index file, the server may display a list of everything inside it. Visitors... Creating an Alias or Parked Domain Pointing another name at your site.BEFORE YOU STARTThe domain registered, with nameservers... Diagnosing 500 Errors The server reporting that something failed.THE FIRST PLACE TO LOOKcPanel > Metrics >... Diagnosing a 500 Internal Server Error The generic error.WHAT IT MEANSSomething failed and the server could not produce a page.It is... Diagnosing Redirect Loops The browser reports too many redirects and the page never loads.THE CAUSETwo or more things are... Disabling XML-RPC on WordPress xmlrpc.php allows remote applications to talk to WordPress. It is also routinely abused for... Downloading Your Files Getting a copy.WHYA backup Migrating away Working locally Archiving a site you are retiringTHE... Editing Files from the Command Line Making changes without a file manager.THE EDITORSnano is simple. Controls are shown at the bottom... Editing Files Safely Making changes without breaking things.THE RULECopy before you edit. Always.Name the copy... Enabling Free SSL and Forcing HTTPS on WordPress Every domain hosted with us is entitled to a free AutoSSL certificate. Once it is issued you... ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR The secure connection could not be established at all.WHAT IT MEANSThe handshake failed before... ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS The browser gave up after being redirected in a circle.THE CAUSETwo or more redirect mechanisms... File Management: Everything That Matters, Briefly The whole category in one page.THE MOST IMPORTANT THING TO UNDERSTANDAnything in public_html is... Finding PHP Errors Where the information is.THE ERROR LOGcPanel, Errors. Or the error log file in your account.That... Fixing 404 Errors on Every Page Except the Homepage If the homepage loads but every other page returns "Page not found", the rewrite rules are... Fixing a 500 Internal Server Error A 500 error is the web server reporting that something failed without saying what. Work through... Fixing the WordPress Login Page Refresh Loop You enter correct credentials, the page reloads, and you are back at the login form with no... Forcing HTTPS on Your Website Once a certificate is issued, all traffic should be forced to HTTPS so nobody lands on the... Handling File Uploads Securely One of the most exploited features in any application.THE RULESValidate the file type on the... Handling Traffic with a Reverse Proxy Nginx in front of an application server.WHAT IT DOESReceives requests, serves static files... Hidden Files and Why They Matter Files you cannot see by default.WHAT THEY AREFiles whose names begin with a full stop.The most... Hiding Configuration and Sensitive Files Files that must never be publicly reachable.WHAT MUST NOT BE PUBLICConfiguration files containing... Hiding Sensitive Files from Public Access Anything inside public_html is reachable by anyone who guesses the URL, whether or not you linked... Hosting a Static Site The simplest case.WHAT YOU NEEDHosting that serves files. Any plan.HOW TO PUBLISHUpload the files... HSTS: Telling Browsers to Always Use HTTPS A header that eliminates the insecure first request.WHAT IT DOESHTTP Strict Transport Security... Installing a Web Server Apache or Nginx, and what each suits.APACHEMature, widely documented, and supports .htaccess... Installing an Application in a Subdirectory Running software alongside your main site.WHEN THIS APPLIESA forum at yourdomain.com/forum A shop... Isolating the Cause by Elimination Finding what is responsible.THE METHODRemove possible causes one at a time until the problem... Joomla: Common Problems What goes wrong and how to fix it.BLANK PAGE OR 500 ERROREnable error reporting in... Joomla: Installation and First Steps A capable alternative to WordPress.INSTALLINGAvailable in Softaculous, or download from the... Managing Redirects at Scale When a site has hundreds of URL changes.WHEN THIS ARISESA redesign changing URL structure A... Moving WordPress from a Subfolder to the Root Domain If you installed into a folder such as /wp and your site now loads at yourdomain.com/wp, here is... Password-Protecting a Folder with Directory Privacy Directory Privacy puts a browser password prompt in front of a folder, handled by the web server... Performance of Static Sites Already fast, and how to keep it.WHY THEY ARE FASTThe server sends an existing file. Nothing is... PHP Configuration: Everything That Matters, Briefly The whole category in one page.THE VERSIONUse a current supported one. Newer is faster and... Protecting Configuration Files Files containing credentials.WHAT THEY AREwp-config.php for WordPress Similar files for other... Protecting wp-admin with cPanel Directory Privacy Directory Privacy adds a server-level password prompt in front of a folder. Placing it on... Recovering From a Plugin That Broke Your Site Getting back in.THE SYMPTOMA blank page, or a fatal error, or no admin access.THE FASTEST... Redirect and URL Shortener Scripts Small tools with specific risks.LEGITIMATE USESTracking campaign links Shortening long URLs for... Redirect Rules at Cloudflare Sending one address to another.WHAT THEY DORedirect a URL or pattern to another, at the edge,... Redirects and When to Use Them Sending visitors and search engines elsewhere.WHAT A REDIRECT DOESSends a request for one address... Securing File Uploads on Your Website A form that lets visitors upload files is one of the most commonly exploited features on any... Security Headers Alongside HTTPS HTTPS is the foundation; headers build on it.THE USEFUL ONESStrict-Transport-Security: forces... Setting Correct File and Folder Permissions for WordPress Permissions that are too loose let other processes write to your files; permissions that are too... Setting Up a Subdomain for a Separate Application A distinct site under your domain.THE STEPScPanel > Domains > Create a subdomainIf DNS is... Setting Up Custom Error Pages What visitors see when something is not found.WHY BOTHERThe default server error page is bare,... Setting Up Redirects in cPanel A redirect sends visitors from one address to another automatically.CREATING A REDIRECTIn cPanel... Showing Hidden Files (Dotfiles) in File Manager Files whose names begin with a dot are hidden by default. These include several of the most... SSL Checklist After a Migration Certificates need attention whenever a site moves.IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE MOVEConfirm the domain... Symptom: Internal Server Error The 500 error.WHAT IT MEANSThe server could not complete the request.Deliberately vague, so the... The .well-known Path and Why It Must Stay Accessible The path AutoSSL uses to prove domain control.WHAT HAPPENSAutoSSL places a file under... The Application Installed but Will Not Load Setup completed, site does not work.BLANK PAGEEnable error logging and reproduce. The log names... The Error Is Not Listed Here Diagnosing something unfamiliar.READ IT PROPERLYErrors usually name a file, a line, and a... The Site Does Not Work After Migration Common causes.A DATABASE CONNECTION ERRORThe configuration file has the wrong database name, user... Transferring Website Files Moving the file content.WHAT TO MOVEEverything in the web root, and anything above it your... Turning Off Directory Listings When a folder has no index file, the server may display a browsable list of everything inside it.... Uninstalling WordPress and Starting Over Cleanly Sometimes a fresh start is faster than repairing a badly broken or compromised site. Before you... URL Rewriting and Pretty URLs Making URLs readable and stable.WHY IT MATTERSReadable URLs are easier to share, better for... Using .htaccess Effectively The per-directory configuration file.WHAT IT CONTROLSURL rewriting Redirects Access restrictions... Using Content-Security-Policy to Upgrade Requests A header that can mitigate mixed content.WHAT IT DOESAdding upgrade-insecure-requests to a... Using File Manager to Upload, Edit and Manage Files File Manager is the built-in file browser for your hosting account. It handles everything FTP... What .htaccess Does The configuration file that controls a great deal.WHAT IT CONTROLSURL rewriting, including... What an Alias or Parked Domain Is The same site at another name.WHAT IT DOESPoints an additional domain at your existing... Writing a Ticket That Gets Resolved Quickly The difference between a fast answer and three days of back-and-forth is usually the first... Writing Correct .htaccess Redirect Rules Where manual control is needed.THE BASIC HTTPS REDIRECTRewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTPS}... www or Non-www: Choosing and Sticking to It yourdomain.com and www.yourdomain.com are technically different addresses. Both should work, but...
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