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Accepting International Payments Selling beyond the country.WHAT IS REQUIREDA provider supporting international cards Pricing in... Agent Banking and Cash Networks Reaching customers without branches.WHAT AN AGENT ISA local business providing cash-in, cash-out... Anti-Money Laundering Controls Detecting illicit flows.WHAT MONEY LAUNDERING ISMaking illicitly obtained funds appear... Architecture for Financial Systems Designing for money.WHAT DISTINGUISHES ITCorrectness matters absolutely State must be auditable... Authorisation, Capture and Settlement Stages of a card transaction.WHAT AUTHORISATION DOESChecks the card is valid, funds are... Bill Payment and Value-Added Services Airtime, data and utilities.WHAT THE CATEGORY COVERSMobile airtime and data Electricity tokens... Building Audit Trails Recording what happened.WHAT MUST BE RECORDEDEvery money movement Every change to customer data... Building Fintech Products: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.BUILD AROUND AN IMMUTABLE LEDGER AS THE SOURCE OF TRUTHEvery balance, statement and... Building Payment Flows That Work Checkout experience.WHAT DETERMINES COMPLETIONNumber of steps Clarity of what is being paid... Building a Compliance Function Operationalising the rules.WHAT IT REQUIRESA designated responsible person Written policies... Building for Financial Inclusion Serving underserved customers.WHO IS UNDERSERVEDPeople without formal identification People... Card Numbers and Data What a card carries.WHAT THE NUMBER CONTAINSAn identifier for the issuing institution at the... Card-Present and Card-Not-Present Transactions How presence changes everything.WHAT CARD-PRESENT MEANSThe card is physically used at a... Cards and Networks: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.NEVER STORE THE SECURITY CODE AFTER AUTHORISATIONScheme rules prohibit it absolutely.... Choosing Between Providers and Building Direct Integration depth.WHAT USING A PROVIDER GIVES YOUImmediate access to every rail they support... Choosing a Payment Provider What to assess.WHAT TO COMPAREMethods supported Pricing, including all components Settlement... Collecting From Business Customers Invoiced and account payments.WHAT DIFFERS FROM CONSUMER PAYMENTSPayment terms rather than... Compliance and Risk: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.COMPLIANCE IS DEMONSTRATED BY EVIDENCE, NOT INTENTRecord every screening match and... Consumer Protection Obligations Treating customers fairly.WHAT IS TYPICALLY REQUIREDClear disclosure of charges Accessible terms... Cross-Border Payments Moving money between countries.WHY THEY ARE SLOW AND EXPENSIVESeveral institutions in the chain... Data Protection in Financial Services Handling customer information.WHAT MAKES IT SENSITIVEFinancial data reveals behaviour,... Deciding How to Accept Payments Choosing your setup.WHAT TO ESTABLISH FIRSTWho your customers are, and what they actually use... Designing Financial Interfaces Interfaces handling money.WHAT USERS NEED TO SEEThe exact amount, with currency Who is being paid... Detecting Automated Attacks Bots against payment flows.WHAT THEY ATTEMPTCard testing with stolen numbers Credential stuffing... Digital Lending Credit delivered through software.WHAT THE MODELS AREShort-term consumer lending Buy now, pay... Digital Wallets and Stored Value Holding customer funds.WHAT A WALLET ISA balance held on behalf of a customer, usable for... Direct Debit and Mandates Recurring collection from bank accounts.WHAT A MANDATE ISStanding permission to debit an... Fintech Business Models How money is made.WHAT THE REVENUE SOURCES ARETransaction fees Spread on currency conversion... Fintech and Payment Systems: Everything That Matters, Briefly The whole category in one page.AUTHORISATION IS NOT SETTLEMENTA successful payment does not mean... Foreign Exchange in Payment Systems Handling several currencies.WHAT A RATE SPREAD ISThe difference between the rate you obtain and... Fraud Risk Management Protecting the business and its customers.WHAT THE CATEGORIES AREFirst-party fraud, where the... Getting Paid by International Clients Receiving payment for services.WHAT THE COMMON ROUTES AREInternational transfer to a local... Handling Concurrency and Consistency Correctness under load.WHAT THE RISKS AREDouble spending from concurrent requests Balances read... Handling Money in Software Practical correctness.WHAT TO NEVER USE FOR MONEYFloating point numbers.WHYThey cannot represent... Handling Payment Notifications Receiving asynchronous updates.WHAT A NOTIFICATION ISA message from the provider reporting a... Handling Refunds and Cancellations Returning money well.WHY IT MATTERS COMMERCIALLYA good refund experience retains customers; a bad... Handling Unknown Transaction States When the outcome is not known.WHAT CAUSES THEMTimeouts Connection failure after sending Provider... How Payments Work: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.A SUCCESSFUL PAYMENT DOES NOT MEAN YOU HAVE THE MONEYAuthorisation reserves funds;... Idempotency in Payment Systems Making retries safe.WHY IT MATTERS MORE HERE THAN ANYWHEREA repeated request can charge someone... Identity Infrastructure Verifying who someone is.WHAT THE BANKING IDENTIFIER PROVIDESA single identity linked across a... Incident Response for Payment Systems When something goes wrong with money.WHAT MAKES IT DIFFERENTCustomers are affected financially,... Instant Interbank Transfers The dominant payment rail.WHAT THE SCHEME PROVIDESNear-immediate transfer between accounts at... Insurance and Other Financial Products Beyond payments.WHAT EMBEDDED INSURANCE ISCover offered within another transaction: device... Integrating a Payment Provider Building the connection.WHAT THE INTEGRATION TYPES AREHosted checkout: the provider's... Internal Risk in Financial Systems Threats from inside.WHY IT MATTERSPeople with legitimate access can move money, and they know the... Know Your Customer Requirements Verifying who you are dealing with.WHAT IT ISEstablishing and verifying a customer's identity... Launching a Fintech Product Getting to market.WHAT TO ESTABLISH FIRSTWhat regulated activity you are conducting Whether you... Ledger Design for Payments Recording money correctly.WHAT A LEDGER ISAn append-only record of movements between accounts.WHY... Licensing and Participation Who may do what.WHAT LICENCE CATEGORIES BROADLY COVERSwitching and processing Payment solution... Managing Card Fraud Reducing losses without rejecting customers.WHAT THE TYPES AREStolen card details used online... Managing Keys and Secrets Protecting credentials to move money.WHAT SECRETS EXIST IN PAYMENT SYSTEMSProvider interface keys... Managing Multiple Payment Providers Redundancy and routing.WHY MORE THAN ONEOutages Different method coverage Cost differences... Managing Payment Risk as a Small Business Protecting yourself.WHAT THE RISKS AREFraudulent orders Chargebacks Account suspension by the... Merchant Payment Operations: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.THE CHEAPEST METHOD IS NOT CHEAPEST IF CUSTOMERS ABANDON ITMeasure completion rate... Money Movement: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.NEVER USE FLOATING POINT FOR MONEYUse integers in the smallest unit or a decimal... Monitoring Payment Security Watching for attack.WHAT TO MONITORAuthentication failures Authorisation failures Transaction... Nigerian Payment Rails: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.TRANSFERS DOMINATE HERE BECAUSE THEY ARE CHEAP, INSTANT AND FINALWhich makes transfer... Operating Subscription Billing Recurring revenue mechanics.WHAT MUST BE RELIABLECharging on time Handling failures Communicating... Operational Resilience Staying available.WHY IT MATTERS MORE IN FINANCIAL SERVICESCustomers cannot access their money,... Payment Card Industry Compliance Card data security standards.WHAT THE STANDARD ISA set of requirements imposed by the card... Payment Failures and Their Causes Why transactions do not complete.WHAT THE COMMON CAUSES AREInsufficient funds Card expired or... Payment Methods Compared Choosing what to accept.WHAT CARDS PROVIDEFamiliarity Recurring capability International... Payment Operations Running payments day to day.WHAT TO MONITORTransaction volume against expectation Success and... Payment Options for Digital Businesses Selling services and software.WHAT MAKES DIGITAL DIFFERENTInstant delivery, so fraud losses are... Payment Security: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.BROKEN OBJECT-LEVEL AUTHORISATION IS THE COMMONEST SERIOUS FAULTAuthenticating a... Point of Sale and Terminal Payments Accepting cards in person.WHAT A TERMINAL DOESReads the card, communicates with the acquirer, and... Preventing Payment Manipulation Stopping tampering with transactions.WHAT ATTACKERS ATTEMPTChanging the amount Changing the... Preventing and Detecting Financial Loss Internal controls.WHAT THE RISKS AREFraudulent transactions Internal misappropriation Software... Pricing and Payment Costs Who bears the fee.WHAT THE OPTIONS AREAbsorb the fee into your price Add it as a separate charge... Providers and Integration: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.READ THE TERMS ON SUSPENSION AND FUND HOLDS BEFORE ANYTHING ELSEWithheld settlement... Push and Pull Payments Who initiates the movement.WHAT A PULL PAYMENT ISThe payee initiates, drawing funds from the... QR and Proximity Payments Paying by scanning.WHAT A PAYMENT QR CODE ENCODESMerchant identification, and optionally an... Reconciling Payments Making the records agree.WHAT RECONCILIATION COMPARESYour own transaction records The provider's... Recurring Card Payments Charging again.WHAT IS REQUIREDStored credentials, held by a compliant party A recorded agreement... Reducing Abandonment at Payment Recovering lost sales.WHERE CUSTOMERS LEAVEBefore starting, because of cost or trust During the... Reducing Card Decline Rates Improving approval.WHY IT MATTERSDeclines are frequently the largest recoverable revenue loss in... Refunds, Reversals and Chargebacks Money going back.WHAT A REFUND ISThe merchant returning funds voluntarily.WHAT A REVERSAL ISA... Sanctions and Screening Checking against restricted parties.WHAT SANCTIONS ARELegal restrictions on dealing with... Savings and Investment Products Holding funds for growth.WHAT THE COMMON PRODUCTS ARESavings with interest Fixed-term deposits... Scaling Payment Operations Growing without breaking.WHAT BREAKS FIRSTManual reconciliation Support volume from failed... Securing Notification Handling Verifying inbound messages.WHAT THE RISK ISAn attacker sending a forged notification claiming... Securing Payment Interfaces Protecting the endpoints that move money.WHAT MAKES THEM DISTINCTIVEThey are directly valuable to... Settlement and Payouts Getting funds to their destination.WHAT SETTLEMENT ISThe actual movement of funds between... Strong Customer Authentication Verifying the cardholder.WHAT IT MEANSConfirming the person is the legitimate cardholder, using... Supporting Financial Products Customer support for money.WHY IT DIFFERSCustomers contacting you about money are anxious, and... Testing Financial Systems for Vulnerabilities Security assessment.WHAT TO TEST FOR SPECIFICALLYAuthorisation on every money-related endpoint... Testing Payment Systems Verifying before live.WHAT TEST ENVIRONMENTS PROVIDESimulated transactions with defined... The Card Payment Ecosystem Who does what.WHAT AN ISSUER ISThe institution providing the card to the cardholder.WHAT AN... The Nigerian Payments Landscape How the system is structured.WHAT THE CENTRAL BANK DOESRegulates the system, licenses... Third-Party Risk in Payments Dependence on others.WHO YOU DEPEND ONPayment providers Switches and processors Banking partners... Tokenisation and Card Vaulting Storing payment credentials safely.WHAT A TOKEN ISA substitute value representing a payment... Transfers Between Users Moving value inside a system.WHAT MAKES IT ATTRACTIVEInstant, free or cheap, and entirely within... USSD and Feature Phone Payments Transacting without the internet.WHAT USSD ISA session-based protocol on mobile networks, using... Understanding Payment Costs What a transaction actually costs.WHAT THE COMPONENTS AREA scheme or network fee An... Using Payment Data for Business Insight What transactions reveal.WHAT THE DATA CONTAINSWhen people buy What they buy together Which... Virtual Accounts Accounts generated for collection.WHAT THEY AREAccount numbers issued to identify a specific... Wallets, Lending and Cross-Border: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.CUSTOMER MONEY IS THEIRS, AND USING IT IS THE FAILURE MODE THAT ENDS FIRMSSafeguard... What Happens When a Payment Is Made The sequence behind a transaction.WHAT THE PARTIES AREThe payer, sending money The payee,... Working With Financial Institutions Partnering with banks.WHY YOU WILL NEED THEMAccounts, settlement, licensing cover, and access to... Working in Fintech The discipline in practice.WHAT THE WORK DEMANDSPrecision, since errors move money Understanding...
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