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AI in Cybersecurity Machine learning applied to defence and attack.WHAT IT IS USED FOR DEFENSIVELYDetecting anomalous... ASIC Design Flow Producing a custom chip.WHAT THE STAGES ARESpecification Design description Functional... Accelerators in Scientific Computing Specialised processors.WHAT ACCELERATORS AREProcessors designed for specific classes of... Accessing Quantum Computing Getting hands on.WHAT ACCESS ROUTES EXISTCloud services offered by hardware vendors Cloud... Analysis Pipelines and Workflows Repeatable processing.WHAT A PIPELINE ISA defined sequence of tools processing data from raw... Anomaly Detection Finding the unusual.WHAT IT ISIdentifying observations differing significantly from normal.WHERE... Applied Fields: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.IN ROBOTICS, NO SINGLE SENSOR IS ADEQUATESensor fusion exists because each fails... Applying Computer Vision Extracting meaning from images.WHAT THE COMMON TASKS AREClassification: what is thisDetection:... Augmented and Virtual Reality Computing in three dimensions.WHAT VIRTUAL REALITY PROVIDESA wholly simulated environment,... Authentication Mechanisms Compared Ways of proving identity.WHAT THE FACTOR CATEGORIES ARESomething known Something held Something... Biometric Technology Authenticating by physical characteristics.WHAT IS USEDFingerprints Face geometry Iris patterns... Building Conversational Systems Systems that hold a conversation.WHAT THE COMPONENTS AREUnderstanding what was said Tracking the... Building Digital Twins Practical implementation.WHAT TO DECIDE FIRSTWhat question the twin must answer.WHYIt determines... Building Search Into Applications Practical search implementation.WHAT OPTIONS EXISTDatabase full-text search, adequate for modest... Choosing a Technical Specialisation Deciding where to go deep.WHAT TO ASSESSWhether the work genuinely interests you Whether demand... Cloud Versus Dedicated Computing Resources Where to run large workloads.WHAT DEDICATED FACILITIES PROVIDESpecialised interconnects... Compiler Construction Turning source into executable code.WHAT THE STAGES ARELexical analysis: source into... Computational Biology: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.MUCH OF THE FIELD IS STRING ALGORITHMS AND STATISTICS AT SCALEWith enough biology to... Computer Architecture Fundamentals How processors are designed.WHAT AN INSTRUCTION SET ARCHITECTURE ISThe interface between hardware... Computer Architecture and Systems: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.REAL PERFORMANCE IS DETERMINED BY THE MEMORY HIERARCHYSequential access uses every... Computer Graphics Fundamentals How images are produced.WHAT THE RASTERISATION PIPELINE DOESTransforms geometry into screen space... Computer and Electrical Engineering Foundations The underlying discipline.WHAT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING COVERSCircuits, signals, power,... Cybersecurity Automation Defending at machine speed.WHY IT IS NECESSARYAttacks are automated, and manual response cannot... Data Governance Managing data as an asset and a liability.WHAT IT COVERSWhat data exists, and where Who owns each... Designing for Intermittent Connectivity Systems that survive disconnection.WHAT TO ASSUMEConnectivity is intermittent, not... Digital Signal Processing Fundamentals Working with signals.WHAT A SIGNAL ISA quantity varying over time or space: sound, an image, a... Distributed Computing Fundamentals Systems spread across machines.WHAT DISTINGUISHES ITIndependent machines, communicating over a... Distributed Ledgers and Their Uses Shared records without a central authority.WHAT A DISTRIBUTED LEDGER ISA record replicated across... Edge and Digital Twins: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.EDGE COMPUTING EXISTS BECAUSE DISTANCE IMPOSES LATENCY THAT BANDWIDTH CANNOT... Embedded Linux Full systems on small devices.WHEN TO USE IT RATHER THAN BARE FIRMWARENetworking is required A... Embedded Programming Practice Writing firmware.WHAT LANGUAGES DOMINATEC, overwhelmingly C++, in larger systems Rust,... Embedded Security Protecting devices in the field.WHAT TO ASSUMEThe device is physically accessible to an attacker... Embedded and Firmware: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.AVOID DYNAMIC ALLOCATION AFTER INITIALISATIONFragmentation over long uptimes and... Ethics and Governance of Biological Data Handling sensitive information.WHAT MAKES GENOMIC DATA DISTINCTIVEIt is identifying, permanently... Evaluating Recommendation and Ranking Systems Knowing whether they work.WHAT OFFLINE EVALUATION DOESMeasures performance against historical... FPGA Programming Configurable hardware.WHAT AN FPGA ISA chip containing configurable logic blocks and... Firmware Update and Recovery Changing software in the field.WHY IT IS DIFFICULTDevices may be inaccessible, unattended,... Fraud Detection Systems Identifying illegitimate activity.WHAT THEY MUST BALANCECatching fraud Not rejecting legitimate... GPU Computing for Machine Learning Where most GPU work happens now.WHY GRAPHICS PROCESSORS SUIT ITTraining is dominated by large... Graphics and GPU Computing: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.GRAPHICS PROCESSORS OPTIMISE FOR THROUGHPUT, NOT LATENCYWhich is why branching code... Grid and Volunteer Computing Loosely coupled distributed work.WHAT GRID COMPUTING ISSharing computing resources across... Hardware Description Languages Describing circuits in text.WHAT THEY ARELanguages describing hardware structure and behaviour,... Hardware and Chip Design: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.DESCRIBING HARDWARE IS NOT WRITING A PROGRAMEverything described happens... High-Performance Computing: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.SPEEDUP IS LIMITED BY THE PART THAT CANNOT BE PARALLELISEDA program ninety per cent... How Search Engines Work Finding relevant documents.WHAT THE COMPONENTS ARECrawling: discovering and fetching... Identity Verification Technology Establishing who someone actually is.WHAT IT DIFFERS FROMAuthentication, which proves a returning... Identity, Privacy and Security: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.IDENTIFICATION, AUTHENTICATION AND AUTHORISATION ARE THREE DIFFERENT THINGSConflating... Image Processing Fundamentals Working with visual data.WHAT AN IMAGE IS, COMPUTATIONALLYA two-dimensional array of values, with... Kernel Development and Contribution Working on existing kernels.WHAT KERNEL CODE IS LIKEC, with strict conventions No standard... Learning a Specialised Field Building competence.WHAT THESE FIELDS SHAREMathematical foundations A substantial body of... Low-Level Performance Engineering Getting the most from hardware.WHAT TO DO FIRSTMeasure, with a profiler, on representative... Machine Learning in Biology Pattern recognition applied to life sciences.WHAT IT IS USED FORPredicting protein structure... Managing Data in Large-Scale Computing Storage and movement.WHAT THE CONSTRAINT FREQUENTLY ISData movement, not computation.WHYMoving... Managing Distributed Edge Estates Operating many small locations.WHAT THE CHALLENGE ISMany locations, few or no staff, variable... Memory Systems and Caching Where the time actually goes.WHAT CACHE ISSmall fast memory holding recently and likely-used... Microcontrollers and Development Boards The hardware.WHAT A MICROCONTROLLER ISA processor with memory and peripherals integrated on one... Natural Language Understanding Extracting meaning from text.WHAT THE TASKS INCLUDEClassifying textIdentifying entities: names,... Operating System Development Building a system.WHY PEOPLE DO ITLearning how computers actually workSpecialised requirements:... Optimisation and Operations Research Finding the best arrangement.WHAT OPTIMISATION PROBLEMS INVOLVEAn objective to maximise or... Parallel Computing Concepts Doing many things at once.WHAT PARALLELISM ISExecuting parts of a computation simultaneously.WHAT... Passwordless Authentication Removing the password.WHAT IT MEANSAuthenticating without a shared secret the user must... Portable GPU Computing Cross-vendor approaches.WHAT OPTIONS EXISTAn open standard for heterogeneous computing Compute... Preparing for Post-Quantum Cryptography The transition that actually matters.WHAT THE THREAT ISA sufficiently large quantum computer... Privacy Engineering Building systems that protect people.WHAT IT ISApplying engineering practice to privacy... Programming With CUDA Vendor-specific parallel computing.WHAT IT ISA platform for general computation on one vendor's... Quantum Computing: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.QUANTUM COMPUTERS ARE NOT FASTER CLASSICAL COMPUTERSThey may solve specific classes... Quantum Programming in Practice Writing quantum programs.WHAT THE MODEL ISCircuits: sequences of operations applied to qubits,... Real-Time Rendering Practice Producing frames within a budget.WHAT THE BUDGET ISThe time available per frame, determined by... Recommendation Engines Suggesting what someone might want.WHAT APPROACHES EXISTContent-based: recommending items similar... Robotics and Autonomous Systems Machines that act in the physical world.WHAT THE COMPONENTS ARESensing: perceiving the... Scientific Computing Practice Computing for research.WHAT DISTINGUISHES ITCorrectness matters more than elegance Results must... Search and Detection: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.QUERY TERMS MUST BE ANALYSED IDENTICALLY TO INDEXED TERMSOtherwise nothing matches,... Semiconductor Manufacturing How chips are made.WHAT THE PROCESS INVOLVESGrowing silicon wafers Depositing layers Patterning... Signal and Speech Technology: Everything That Matters, Briefly The summary.SAMPLE ABOVE TWICE THE HIGHEST FREQUENCY, AND FILTER BEFORE SAMPLINGAliasing cannot... Simulation and Modelling Representing systems computationally.WHAT A MODEL ISA simplified representation of a system,... Specialised Technology: Everything That Matters, Briefly The whole category in one page.MOST OF THESE FIELDS REWARD THE SAME DISCIPLINEMeasure before... Speech Recognition Technology Turning speech into text.WHAT THE TASK ISConverting an audio signal into the words spoken.WHAT... Speech Synthesis and Voice Technology Producing speech.WHAT THE TASK ISGenerating natural-sounding speech from text.WHAT EARLIER... Statistics in Computational Biology Drawing conclusions from biological data.WHY STATISTICS DOMINATESBiological data is noisy,... Supercomputing and Large Facilities The largest machines.WHAT A SUPERCOMPUTER ISA machine among the most capable available, measured... Testing and Debugging Embedded Systems Finding faults close to hardware.WHAT MAKES IT DIFFICULTLimited visibility No operating system to... Understanding Digital Hardware Design Designing circuits that compute.WHAT DIGITAL DESIGN ISBuilding circuits from logic gates to... Understanding Digital Identity Who someone is, to a system.WHAT IDENTIFICATION ISClaiming an identity.WHAT AUTHENTICATION... Understanding Digital Twins Virtual representations of physical things.WHAT A DIGITAL TWIN ISA model of a physical asset,... Understanding Edge Computing Processing close to where data is produced.WHAT IT MEANSPerforming computation near the source of... Understanding Embedded Systems Computing inside things.WHAT AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM ISA computer within a larger device, performing a... Understanding Fog Computing The layer between edge and cloud.WHAT IT DESCRIBESAn intermediate layer between devices and... Understanding GPU Architecture Why graphics processors are different.WHAT A PROCESSOR OPTIMISES FORLow latency on sequential,... Understanding High-Performance Computing Computing for large problems.WHAT IT ISAggregating computing power to solve problems too large or... Understanding Interpreters and Runtimes Executing without ahead-of-time compilation.WHAT AN INTERPRETER DOESExecutes a program directly,... Understanding Operating System Internals What the system actually does.WHAT THE KERNEL DOESSchedules processes Manages memory Controls... Understanding Quantum Cryptography Quantum mechanics applied to secrecy.WHAT QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION ISUsing quantum properties to... Understanding Quantum Hardware How machines are built.WHAT APPROACHES EXISTSuperconducting circuits, cooled to near absolute... Verification of Hardware Designs Proving correctness before manufacture.WHY IT DOMINATES EFFORTA defect in a manufactured chip... Voice Interfaces in Practice Speaking to systems.WHERE VOICE SUITSHands and eyes occupied Accessibility Devices with no screen... What Bioinformatics Is Computing for biological data.WHAT IT ISThe application of computational methods to biological... What Quantum Computing Actually Is The fundamentals, without the hype.WHAT A CLASSICAL BIT ISA value that is either zero or one.WHAT... Where Quantum Computing May Help Realistic applications.WHAT THE GENUINE CANDIDATES ARESimulating quantum systems: molecules,... Working With Biological Data Practical handling.WHAT THE COMMON DATA TYPES ARERaw sequencing reads Aligned reads Variant... Writing Code That Scales Practical performance engineering.WHAT TO DO FIRSTMeasure, and establish where time is actually...
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