Where everything lives.
YOUR HOME DIRECTORY
The top level of your account. Everything belongs to you and nothing above it is yours.
PUBLIC_HTML
Your main website. Anything here is reachable from the internet.
That is the most important thing to understand.
ABOVE PUBLIC_HTML
Files here are not web-accessible. Useful for anything that should not be downloadable.
Your mailbox contents. Do not edit these directly.
LOGS
Access and error logs for your sites.
TMP
Temporary files, including some cache and session data.
FOR ADDON DOMAINS
Each usually has its own directory inside public_html, or alongside it.
Check cPanel to see where each domain points.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Putting a file in the wrong place means it either does not work or is publicly downloadable when it should not be.
WHAT TO NEVER PUT IN PUBLIC_HTML
Backups Database exports Anything containing credentials