Quick definitions.
GATEWAY
The device traffic is sent to for destinations outside the local network.
SUBNET MASK
Defines which part of an address identifies the network.
DHCP
Automatic address assignment on a local network.
NAT
Address sharing, allowing many devices to use one public address.
PORT
A number identifying a service on a device.
LATENCY
Round-trip time, in milliseconds.
JITTER
Variation in that timing.
PACKET LOSS
Data that did not arrive.
THROUGHPUT
The rate actually achieved, lower than bandwidth.
CONTENTION
Sharing capacity with others on the same infrastructure.
HOP
One router along a path.
RESOLVER
The service your device asks to translate names.
AUTHORITATIVE
The servers holding a domain's actual records.
TTL
How long a record may be cached.
PROPAGATION
Caches expiring at different times after a change.
UPLINK
The connection from your network toward your provider.
