Its limits.
WHAT IT DOES NOT STOP
A compromised device, where the attacker has the codes too An active session already authenticated Approval fatigue, where you approve a prompt without thinking Someone tricking you into entering a code on a fake page
THE FAKE PAGE ATTACK
A convincing page captures both your password and the code you enter.
The attacker uses both immediately.
WHAT PREVENTS THAT
Not clicking links in messages about accounts.
Going to the site directly.
THE APPROVAL FATIGUE PROBLEM
Repeated prompts until someone approves one to stop them.
If you receive a prompt you did not trigger, deny it and change your password.
That means someone has your password.
WHAT IS STRONGEST
A physical security key, which cannot be used on a fake site.
WHAT ELSE TO DO
Keep devices updated Do not approve anything you did not initiate Log out of sessions you are not using
WHAT TO REMEMBER
Two-factor is very strong and not absolute.