Stale content after an update.
THE THREE CACHES
Your application's cache Cloudflare's cache Your browser's cache
A change must clear all three to be visible.
THE ORDER
Purge the application cache first Then Cloudflare Then test in a private window, which sidesteps your browser
Clearing Cloudflare while your own cache still serves the old version achieves nothing, which is why people purge repeatedly and see no change.
FOR CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
These are cached aggressively at every level, including in visitors' browsers.
Purging Cloudflare does not clear a visitor's browser. Their copy expires on its own schedule.
Versioning the filename is the reliable answer for a change that must appear immediately.
DEVELOPMENT MODE
Bypasses Cloudflare's cache for three hours. Useful while making a series of changes.
It expires automatically.
IF IT STILL DOES NOT APPEAR
Confirm the change actually saved. Check the file on the server directly, or view the page source.
Sometimes the change was never made.